Specialty Services :

Welcome to our Obstetric and Gynaecology

Obstetrics and gynecology (also spelled as obstetrics and gynecology; abbreviated as Obs and Gynae, O&G, OB-GYN and OB/GYN[a]) is the medical specialty that encompasses the two subspecialties of obstetrics (covering pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period) and gynecology (covering the health of the female reproductive system – vagina, uterus, ovaries, and breasts). The specialization is an important part of care for women’s health.
Postgraduate training programs for both fields are usually combined, preparing the practicing obstetrician-gynecologist to be adept both at the care of female reproductive organs’ health and at the management of pregnancy, although many doctors go on to develop subspecialty interests in one field or the other.

Common procedures

There are many procedures that can be provided to people by OB/GYNs. Some procedures may include:[13]

• Colposcopy: If the results of a cervical cancer screening test, such as Pap smear or HPV test, are abnormal, this more thorough examination of the cervix and vaginal tissues may be needed.

• Loop electrical excision procedure (LEEP): a procedure to quickly remove abnormal vaginal tissue within the cervix. A local aesthetic and a solution to enhance the points of removal visually is administered during the process. There is a chance of experiencing watery, pinkish discharge, brownish discharge, and mild cramping.

• Endometrial biopsy: a procedure that collects a tissue sample from the endometrial lining of the uterus. The sample is tested and checked under a microscope for abnormal cells or indicators of cancer.

• IUD insertion: an intrauterine device that is T-shaped and is placed in the uterus through the cervix. It is a reversible contraceptive that can be done in a doctor’s office.

• Nexplanon: is about a 4 cm implant that goes into the upper forearm. This implant releases birth control hormones into the body and can last up to three years. This type of birth control has a 99% success rate for pregnancy prevention.

• Dilation and curettage (D&C): an out-patient procedure to open (dilate) the cervix to collect samples of endometrial tissue with a curette. A D&C can also be done to remove a fetus that was not passed naturally after a miscarriage or to induce an abortion.

• Tubal ligation: a surgery to close the fallopian tubes for the prevention of pregnancy. It is also known as “tying the tubes”.

• Ovarian cystectomy: the removal of a cyst that either has a solid appearance, larger than three inches in diameter, has the possibility to become cancerous, or causes a constant pain. Cysts can be removed without removing an ovary. Women who do not take birth control produce small cysts every other month but they can disappear on their own.

Common Gynecological Problems

• Dysmenorrhea
• Polycystic Ovaries Syndrome (PCOS)
• Uterine Fibroids
• Endometriosis
• Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
• Vaginitis
• Amenorrhea

Well women check:

• Vaginal swab to check for bacterial infections
• Vaginal swab to check for 7 sexually transmitted infections and diseases

ADDITIONAL REFERRAL OPTIONS:

• Pelvic ultrasound scan
• Breast screening (mammogram and/or breast ultrasound scan)
• Bone density / DEXA scan for osteoporosis

Well women check Up Services

• Cervical smear and HPV check
• Contraceptive coil removal
• Early, late, painful period review
• Fertility check
• Menopause review
• Outpatient hysterosocopy
• Ovarian cancer screen
• PCOS – Polycystic Ovary Syndrome screen
• Postnatal check
• Pre-pregnancy health check
• Recurrent miscarriage screen
• Recurrent thrush screen
• Sexual health check – Comprehensive
• Vaginal health check

Obstetrics Main areas

Prenatal care :

Prenatal care is important in screening for various complications of pregnancy. This includes routine office visits with physical exams and routine lab tests along with telehealth care for people with low-risk pregnancies

First trimester Routine tests in the first trimester of pregnancy generally include:

• Complete blood count
• Blood type
• Rh-negative antenatal patients should receive RhoGAM at 28 weeks to prevent Rh disease.
• Indirect Coombs test (AGT) to assess risk of hemolytic disease of the newborn[5]
• Rapid plasma reagin test to screen for syphilis
• Rubella antibody screen[6]
• HBsAg test to screen for hepatitis B[7]
• Testing for chlamydia (and gonorrhea when indicated[8]
• Mantoux test for tuberculosis[9]
• Urinalysis and culture[10]
• HIV screen

Second trimester

• MSAFP/quad. screen (four simultaneous blood tests) (maternal serum AFP, inhibin A, estriol, and βHCG) – elevations, low numbers or odd patterns correlate with neural tube defect risk and increased risks of trisomy 18 or trisomy 21[17]
• Ultrasound either abdominal or transvaginal to assess cervix, placenta, fluid and baby[18]
• Amniocentesis is the national standard for women over 35 or who reach 35 by mid pregnancy or who are at increased risk by family history or prior birth history.

Third trimester

• Hematocrit (if low, the mother receives iron supplements)[19]
• Group B Streptococcus screen. If positive, the woman receives IV penicillin or ampicillin while in labor—or, if she is allergic to penicillin, an alternative therapy, such as IV clindamycin or IV vancomycin.[16]
• Glucose loading test (GLT) – screens for gestational diabetes; if > 140 mg/dL, a glucose tolerance test (GTT) is administered; a fasting glucose > 105 mg/dL suggests gestational diabetes.[20]

Summary

Obstetrics and gynaecology is the medical specialty that encompasses the two subspecialties of obstetrics and gynaecology. The specialization is an important part of care for women’s health. Postgraduate training programs for both fields are usually combined, preparing the practising obstetrician-gynecologist to be adept both at the care of female reproductive organs’ health and at the management of pregnancy, although many doctors go on to develop subspecialty interests in one field or the other.